{"id":189,"date":"2024-10-30T22:59:13","date_gmt":"2024-10-30T20:59:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/looduskiiker.ee\/loodusgiid\/?p=189"},"modified":"2025-02-12T11:39:10","modified_gmt":"2025-02-12T09:39:10","slug":"marjadest-aga-mitte-ainult","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/looduskiiker.ee\/loodusgiid\/marjadest-aga-mitte-ainult\/","title":{"rendered":"Marjadest, aga mitte ainult"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

J\u00e4rveotsa matkaraja v\u00e4ljas\u00f5idul, mis toimus 21.10.2024, r\u00e4\u00e4kisin mina marjadest, sest marjad on minu jaoks lihtsalt nii p\u00f5nevad. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Siin see tekst on:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u00e4na r\u00e4\u00e4gime marjadest. T\u00e4psemalt nendest, mis on siin plakatil.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Igal \u00f5istaimel on vili. Vili on taime organ, mis sisaldab seemneid. Need v\u00f5ivad olla v\u00e4ga mitmesugused. Argikeeles kutsuvad inimesed mitmesuguseid vilju marjadeks. Botaaniliselt see p\u00e4ris nii ei ole. Mis see mari siis on?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Marjad on ainult \u00fched kindlate omadustega viljad. Marjal on kest, mis kaitseb sisemisi osi, see v\u00f5ib olla pehme v\u00f5i k\u00f5va.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kesta all on mahlane viljaliha, mis v\u00f5ib sisaldada suhkruid ja olla magus v\u00f5i sisaldada mitmesuguseid happeid ja olla hapu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Marjal on ka seemned, mille arv, suurus ja kuju v\u00f5ivad varieeruda. Seemnel on ka oma kest, mis on \u00fcldjuhul pehme.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Mari on: pohl, j\u00f5hvikas, sinikas, musikas, mages\u00f5star.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Rabamurakas, aga ka n\u00e4iteks vaarikaks, p\u00f5ldmurakas, lillaks on koguviljad, mis t\u00e4hendab, et see vili koosneb paljudest v\u00e4ikestest marjadest (iga mumm on omaette mari).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Maasikal on seemned on p\u00e4hklikesed ja need on hoopsi \u00f5iep\u00f5hjast arenenud viljaliha peal. Maasikas on ka koguvili.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kibuvitsa mari ei ole ka botaaniliselt mari. Kibuvitsa vili on t\u00f5rsik, mille sisek\u00fcljel on p\u00e4hklikesed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Luuvilja seeme on suurem ja k\u00f5vema kestaga ja seda on vilja see \u00fcks. Luuviljad on n\u00e4iteks toomingas aga ka leesikas ja kukemari.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00d5unviljad on peale \u00f5una ka n\u00e4iteks pihlakas ja viirpuu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kadaka mari on aga hoopis lihakas k\u00e4bi, sest okaspuu vili on k\u00e4bi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Et asi veel segasem oleks siis milline mari on maailma k\u00f5ige suurem? Kasvab ka Eestis?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

See on 1024 km raske k\u00f5rvits.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Mari ei pea olema sugugi \u00fcmmargune. Mari on ka kurk, tomat, suvik\u00f5rvits, bakla\u017eaan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Marja viljaliha ei pea olema sugugi paks, ka paprika on mari. V\u00f5i banaan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Fossiilsed leiud n\u00e4itavad, et varastel \u00f5istaimedel olid kuivviljad. Dinosauruste ajastul kliima soojened, taimed muutusid lopsakamaks ja osad \u00f5istaimed j\u00e4id metsa, kuhu tuul enam nii h\u00e4sti ligi ei p\u00e4\u00e4senud ja seemned ei saandu levida. Nii pidid taimede viljad hakkama arenema mahlaseks ja maitsvaks, et linnud ja loomad neid s\u00fc\u00fca ja levitada tahaks.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nii on see siiani. Paljud loomad ja linnud s\u00f6\u00f6vad marju nende toitainerohkuse t\u00f5ttu. Paksu kestaga seemned aga ei seedu. Seemnele on aga nn \u201esita peal\u201d kasvama hakkamine v\u00e4ga vajalik. N\u00e4iteks rabamurakas, mille noortaimed on v\u00e4ikesed ja ei saa \u00fcksi karmil rabamaastikul hakkama.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nagu n\u00e4eme, on marjade maailm palju keerulisem kui esmapilgul paistab. M\u00f5ni mari polegi mari ja m\u00f5ni mari on hoopis \u00fcllatav. Kuid \u00fcks on kindel – marjad on looduse nutikad leiutised, mis aitavad taimedel ellu j\u00e4\u00e4da ja levida. J\u00e4rgmine kord, kui metsas v\u00f5i aias marju n\u00e4ete, m\u00f5elge sellele, kui pikk arengutee on neil selja taga – dinosauruste ajast t\u00e4nap\u00e4evani. Ja kui te n\u00fc\u00fcd m\u00f5nda marja maitsete, siis m\u00f5elge miks need olid loodud pehmeks ja mahlaseks \ud83d\ude00<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kas kellelgi on k\u00fcsimusi?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

J\u00e4rveotsa matkaraja v\u00e4ljas\u00f5idul, mis toimus 21.10.2024, r\u00e4\u00e4kisin mina marjadest, sest marjad on minu jaoks lihtsalt nii p\u00f5nevad. Siin see tekst […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":251,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[12],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-189","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-loodus"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/looduskiiker.ee\/loodusgiid\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/189","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/looduskiiker.ee\/loodusgiid\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/looduskiiker.ee\/loodusgiid\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/looduskiiker.ee\/loodusgiid\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/looduskiiker.ee\/loodusgiid\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=189"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/looduskiiker.ee\/loodusgiid\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/189\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":191,"href":"https:\/\/looduskiiker.ee\/loodusgiid\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/189\/revisions\/191"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/looduskiiker.ee\/loodusgiid\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/251"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/looduskiiker.ee\/loodusgiid\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=189"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/looduskiiker.ee\/loodusgiid\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=189"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/looduskiiker.ee\/loodusgiid\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=189"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}